Docker中运行nginx并挂载本地目录到镜像中

1.1 从hup上pull镜像

docker pull nginx

1.2 创建将要挂载的目录

mkdir -p /data/nginx/{conf,conf.d,html,logs}

1.3 先要有配置文件才能启动容器

1.3.1 新建Nginx所需的配置文件

vim /data/conf/nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

vim /data/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {  
    listen       80;  
    server_name  localhost;  
  
    #charset koi8-r;  
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log  main;  
  
    location / {  
        root /usr/share/nginx/html; #网站的根目录
        index  index.html index.htm;  
    }  
  
    #error_page  404              /404.html;  
  
    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html  
    #  
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;  
    location = /50x.html {  
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;  
    }  
  
    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80  
    #  
    #location ~ \.php$ {  
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;  
    #}  
  
    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000  
    #  
    #location ~ \.php$ {  
    #    root           html;  
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;  
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;  
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;  
    #    include        fastcgi_params;  
    #}  
  
    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root  
    # concurs with nginx's one  
    #  
    #location ~ /\.ht {  
    #    deny  all;  
    #}  
}

1.4 启动容器

#将容器中nginx的80端口映射到本地的8000端口，并命令容器名称为nginx8000
docker run --name nginx8000 -d -p 8000:80 -v /data/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf  -v /data/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx -v /data/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d -d nginx

注意：因为docker的nginx服务访问的页面文件在/usr/share/nginx/html中，所以上面的配置文件的root项目根目录，应该设定在这个目录下面。

1.5 查看启动的容器

docker ps


CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                  COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                                                                                                                         NAMES
431d658df2c0        nginx                  "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   2 days ago          Up 3 seconds        0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp                                                                                                                                          nginx8000

1.6 网页访问nginx

输入：http://[主机IP]:8000